有的時候，我們在開發的過程中需要連接多個數據庫。

Laravel框架中早已為我們想到了這樣的需求。

配置很簡單。

在根目錄下的/config/database.php文件中配置：

Laravel中為我們提前預設了多種類型的數據庫連接

  "connections" => [
  
"sqlite" => [
    "driver" => "sqlite",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", database_path("database.sqlite")),
    "prefix" => "",
    "foreign_key_constraints" => env("DB_FOREIGN_KEYS", true),
],
  
"mysql" => [
    "driver" => "mysql",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "127.0.0.1"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "3306"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", "forge"),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", "forge"),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", ""),
    "unix_socket" => env("DB_SOCKET", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8mb4",
    "collation" => "utf8mb4_unicode_ci",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
    "strict" => true,
    "engine" => null,
    "options" => extension_loaded("pdo_mysql") ? array_filter([
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => env("MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA"),
    ]) : [],
],
  
"pgsql" => [
    "driver" => "pgsql",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "127.0.0.1"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "5432"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", "forge"),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", "forge"),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
    "schema" => "public",
    "sslmode" => "prefer",
],
  
"sqlsrv" => [
    "driver" => "sqlsrv",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "localhost"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "1433"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", "forge"),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", "forge"),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
],
  
    ],

默認連接的是mysql配置，配置項是存儲在根目錄下的.env文件中的。

如果使用多數據連接，則只需要，根據你的數據庫類型，在配置你需要的數據庫連接就好了。

如下面所示：

我增加了一個mysql數據庫連接和oracle數據庫連接

"connections" => [
  
"sqlite" => [
    "driver" => "sqlite",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", database_path("database.sqlite")),
    "prefix" => "",
    "foreign_key_constraints" => env("DB_FOREIGN_KEYS", true),
],
  
// 本地數據庫，存儲本地數據
"mysql" => [
    "driver" => "mysql",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "xxxxx"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "3306"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", xxxx),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", xxxx),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", xxxxxxx"),
    "unix_socket" => env("DB_SOCKET", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8mb4",
    "collation" => "utf8mb4_unicode_ci",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
    "strict" => false,
    "engine" => null,
    "options" => extension_loaded("pdo_mysql") ? array_filter([
PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => env("MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA"),
    ]) : [],
],
  
// 線上數據庫，將本地數據，同步至線上數據
"mysql_base" => [
    "driver" => "mysql",
    "read" => [
"host" => env("DB_HOST_BASE", "xxxxx"),
    ],
    "write" => [
"host" => env("DB_HOST_BASE", "xxxxx")
    ],
    "port" => env("DB_PORT_BASE", xxxx),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE_BASE", xxxx),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME_BASE", xxxxxx),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD_BASE", "xxxxx"),
    "unix_socket" => env("DB_SOCKET", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8mb4",
    "collation" => "utf8mb4_unicode_ci",
    "prefix" => "",
    "strict" => false,
    "engine" => null,
],
  
"pgsql" => [
    "driver" => "pgsql",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "127.0.0.1"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "5432"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", "forge"),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", "forge"),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
    "schema" => "public",
    "sslmode" => "prefer",
],
  
"sqlsrv" => [
    "driver" => "sqlsrv",
    "url" => env("DATABASE_URL"),
    "host" => env("DB_HOST", "localhost"),
    "port" => env("DB_PORT", "1433"),
    "database" => env("DB_DATABASE", "forge"),
    "username" => env("DB_USERNAME", "forge"),
    "password" => env("DB_PASSWORD", ""),
    "charset" => "utf8",
    "prefix" => "",
    "prefix_indexes" => true,
],
 // oracle 數據庫連接
"oracle" => [
    "driver" => "oracle",
    "host" => "210.30.64.37",
    "port" => xxx,
    "database" => "",
    "service_name" => xxxxx,
    "username" => xxx_xxxx,
    "password" => xxxx_xxxx,
    "charset" => "AL32UTF8",
    "prefix" => "",
]
  
    ],

我們在使用其余的數據庫連接，如下方所示：

1：使用原生sql

DB::connection("oracle")->select("SELECT * from  xxxxx WHERE XH = "{$personal_id}" AND XM = "{$name}"")

2：使用laravel封裝的數據庫方法：

$userinfo = DB::connection("mysql_base")->table("user")
->where("personal_id", "=", $data["personal_id"])
->where("name", "=", $data["name"])
->where("school_id", "=", $data["school_id"])
->select("id", "type", "school_id", "personal_id", "name", "email", "ilab_user", "ilab_pwd")
->first();

最后，還是強調一句，數據庫連接相關的用戶名，連接，密碼之類的，一般還是寫在.env文件中的，方便我們統一管理。

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